| Acceleration |
Rate of change of velocity. |
| Angular Momentum |
Rotational analog of momentum, \(L = I\omega\). |
| Bernoulli’s Principle |
In steady inviscid flow, higher speed means lower pressure. |
| Buoyancy |
Upward force on a submerged object equal to weight of displaced fluid. |
| Center of Mass |
Mass-weighted average position. |
| Drag |
Force opposing motion through a fluid, \(F_D \sim v^2\). |
| Entropy |
Measure of unavailable energy / microscopic disorder. |
| Equilibrium |
\(\sum F = 0\) and \(\sum \tau = 0\). |
| Ideal Gas |
Point particles with elastic collisions, obeying \(PV=nRT\). |
| Impulse |
Time-integrated force, equal to momentum change. |
| Kinetic Energy |
\(K = \tfrac12 m v^2\). |
| Momentum |
\(\vec{p} = m\vec{v}\). |
| Newton’s Laws |
Three laws describing force and motion. |
| Oscillation |
Periodic motion about an equilibrium position. |
| Potential Energy |
Stored energy from conservative force or configuration. |
| Pressure |
Normal force per unit area. |
| Projectile Motion |
2D motion under gravity. |
| Rms Speed |
Root-mean-square molecular speed. |
| Rotation |
Motion about an axis described by angular variables. |
| Standing Wave |
Wave formed from two counter-propagating waves. |
| Temperature |
Measure of average thermal kinetic energy. |
| Thermodynamics |
Study of heat, work, and energy. |
| Torque |
\(\vec{\tau} = \vec{r} \times \vec{F}\). |
| Vector |
Quantity with magnitude and direction. |
| Wave |
Traveling disturbance transporting energy without mass transport. |
| Work |
\(W = \int \vec{F} \cdot d\vec{x}\). |